3种蔬菜及浮植方式对虾池水体的净化效果     

戴习林  郭印  钱辉仁  胡伟国  陈薇 《上海海洋大学学报》2012,21(5):777-783

以对虾养殖池水为培植水,采用3种浮植方式水培水芹、水蕹菜和生菜,通过对蔬菜的生长、氮磷的吸收及对虾池水化学状况的比较,探讨3种蔬菜对虾池水的净化效果以及适合水培蔬菜的浮植方式,以解决养殖期间虾池水体氮磷积累的问题。结果表明,水蕹菜日增重量与吸收氮磷能力显著高于水芹与生菜,且存活率最高。3种蔬菜对虾池水水质均有净化效果,其中水蕹菜效果最为明显,20 d后种植水蕹菜的水体中总氨氮、硝态氮、总氮、总磷以及化学需氧量分别下降55.0%、78.6%、52.6%、44.2%和41.3%,水芹次之。3种浮植方式对水芹和水蕹菜生物量的增加和氮磷的吸收无显著影响,生菜则以浮板种植最佳。研究认为,在3种蔬菜中水蕹菜对虾池水体的适应性强,是较为适宜在对虾池塘中种植的蔬菜,绳结式浮植方式为其在虾池中种植的适宜方式,结合上海地区对虾生产,建议在虾池早期按500 kg/hm2种植水蕹菜,能吸收利用未被利用的50%的输入氮。  相似文献   

Recombinant PirA‐like toxin protects shrimp against challenge with Vibrio parahaemolyticus,the aetiological agent of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease          下载免费PDF全文

A I Campa‐Córdova  A F León‐Gallo  A Romero‐Maldonado  A C Ibarra‐Serrano  S Rosales‐Mendoza  I Hirono  C Angulo 《Journal of fish diseases》2017,40(11):1725-1729

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凡纳滨对虾虾肉和虾头中风味物质的比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

贠三月  邱伟强  蒋晨毓  陈舜胜  余小亮  代欢欢 《水产学报》2017,41(6):907-918

为充分利用和开发虾头资源从而提高对虾经济附加值,同时探讨熟制对虾类风味产生的影响,以凡纳滨对虾生、熟虾肉和生、熟虾头为研究对象,利用氨基酸自动分析仪、高效液相色谱法(HPLC)和气相色谱—质谱联用法(GC/MS)分别对氨基酸、呈味核苷酸、挥发性物质和营养成分的含量进行检测。结果显示,虾头中的蛋白质含量显著高于虾肉,熟制会使粗蛋白的含量下降,但变化差异不显著;虾头中必需氨基酸(EAA)含量和游离氨基酸总量(TFAA)显著高于虾肉,二者主要游离氨基酸种类相同(甘氨酸、精氨酸、脯氨酸、丙氨酸和苏氨酸),对虾头呈味有贡献的游离氨基酸种类更丰富;虾头和虾肉中肌苷酸(IMP)含量最高,腺苷酸(AMP)次之,二者的味道强度值(TAV)均大于1,对鲜味贡献较大。GC/MS共检测出88种挥发性物质,虾肉和虾头中分别特有29种和18种,挥发性物质种类和含量的差异形成虾肉和虾头的特殊气味,熟制产生大量的醛类、酮类和芳香类物质。研究表明,凡纳滨对虾虾肉和虾头中营养物质、游离氨基酸、呈味核苷酸、挥发性物质的组成和含量对风味的贡献存在显著差异。  相似文献   

A potential application of shrimp antilipopolysaccharide factor in disease control in aquaculture          下载免费PDF全文

Premruethai Supungul  Phattarunda Jaree  Kunlaya Somboonwiwat  Wisarut Junprung  Porranee Proespraiwong  Rapeepat Mavichak  Anchalee Tassanakajon 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(3):809-821

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Evaluation of amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus L.) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) protein sources as partial substitutes for fish meal in Litopenaeus vannamei grow‐out diets          下载免费PDF全文

César Molina‐Poveda  Ricardo Cárdenas  Miguel Jover 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(3):822-835

Two groups of isonitrogenous diets formulated by replacing 15%, 25%, 35% and 45% of fish meal protein by amaranth meal and quinoa meal were used to evaluate the performance of Litopenaeus vannamei. Growth showed significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the group of shrimp fed with amaranth diets, with diet A15 showing the best specific growth rate (SGR = 2.81% day^?1), but after the control diet AQ0 (3.07% day^?1). Diet A15 had significantly (P < 0.05) the best digestibility of dry matter (79.7%) and protein (88.4%) without differences compared to control diet AQ0 (75.1% and 85.2%). Replacement with quinoa meal at any level tested did not significantly affect (P > 0.05) the shrimp growth performance. Shrimp fed with quinoa diets showed better SGR (3.05% day^?1) than those shrimp fed with amaranth (2.56% day^?1). No differences in feed conversion ratio appeared in either of the protein sources, but quinoa diets presented a better average (3.13) than amaranth diets (4.01). The apparent digestibility of dry matter and protein for quinoa diets was similar for all diets, but they were statistically different (P < 0.05) from the control diet. We conclude that quinoa meal can replace fishmeal up to 45%, whereas it can be replaced with amaranth meal up to 15%, without adverse effects on growth and survival.  相似文献   

对虾肝胰腺细小病毒滚环扩增检测方法的建立          下载免费PDF全文

王勤涛  张庆利  杨昊霖  刘天齐  刘笋  杨冰  黄倢 《渔业科学进展》2014,35(4):59-65

根据对虾肝胰腺细小病毒(HPV)保守基因序列,设计特异性的锁式探针及其扩增引物,优化反应条件,建立了肝胰腺细小病毒超分支滚环扩增检测方法。实验中采用一步法连接,探针在Taq DNA连接酶作用下,58℃连接40 min、62℃扩增30 min便可以扩增出明显条带。反应特异性验证实验表明,该体系能够特异性地检测出HPV,而不与供试的其他对虾病原发生交叉反应;灵敏度分析结果显示该方法的检测极限为105 copies/μl,与PCR检测方法相比,一步法连接的滚环扩增的灵敏度低两个数量级。该方法反应过程中温度变化次数少,基本都在等温条件下进行,不需要PCR仪,可发展成为在简便实验条件下使用的简易检测方法。  相似文献   

一株高效脱氮菌株的分离鉴定及应用潜力分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张家顺  吕娜  田长城  李贇  潘鲁青 《中国水产科学》2017,24(4):757-765

为了获得对虾养殖池塘中高效去除亚硝态氮和氨氮的菌株,采用富集培养分离的方法,从养殖水体中筛选得到1株去除亚硝态氮和氨氮的菌株,培养24 h后的去除率分别为96.17%和88.27%,编号为O-11。基于形态学、分子生物学及生理生化鉴定结果,明确了该菌株基本生物学特征以及可能的分类地位。分离菌株在20~30℃时有利于亚硝态氮的去除,而温度为20~35℃时对氨氮的去除效果较好;分离菌株在盐度小于30的环境中对亚硝态氮的去除能力受盐度变化的影响不大;在碱性环境中分离菌株对氨氮的去除能力较高。安全性检验可知,在菌浓度为10~5~10~8 cfu/mL的菌株O-11对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)是安全的,且在菌浓度为10~5 cfu/mL时能显著提高对虾的存活率,促进对虾生长。这说明,分离菌株O-11在水产养殖水体中有害氮脱除方面具有潜在的应用价值。  相似文献   

藤壶壳应用于对虾养殖尾水处理的初步研究     

章霞  柳敏海  徐志进  李凌刚  叶剑英  傅荣兵 《渔业现代化》2017,(3):52-58

为研究藤壶壳作为生物滤料应用于对虾养殖尾水处理的可行性,通过比较陶瓷环组、聚乙烯(PE)组、藤壶壳组和藤壶壳+PE组4个不同滤料组合的生物挂膜效果,初步评价藤壶壳作为生物滤料的应用价值;通过设定藤壶壳的不同填充率(滤料体积∶尾水体积),研究填充率对对虾塘养殖尾水处理效果的影响。结果显示:藤壶壳组挂膜成功时间较早,水处理效果好;藤壶壳不同填充率对水处理中悬浮物、氨氮(NH_4~+-N)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO_2~--N)的处理效果有显著影响,A、B、C、D各组悬浮物在6 h时的去除率分别达(68.7±4.3)%、(74.5±7.0)%、(80.9±4.2)%和(82.1±3.8)%,其中B、C、D组去除率显著高于A组(P0.05);4组的氨氮最终去除率都在92.1%以上,以0.1 mg/L为基准,A组氨氮降至此质量浓度以下需要时间5 d,B、C组4 d,D组3 d,降解速率为D组C组B组A组;4组的亚硝酸盐氮最终去除率都在98.0%以上,以0.1 mg/L为基准,A组的亚硝酸盐氮降至此质量浓度以下需要时间为6 d,B、C、D组需要5 d,降解速率为D组C组B组A组。研究表明:藤虎壳作为生物滤料应用于对虾养殖尾水处理,效果良好,且随着填充率的增大,处理效率增强;但考虑到经济成本和应用实际,建议藤壶壳填充率为2∶9。  相似文献   

Evaluation of two probiotics used during farm production of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Crustacea: Decapoda)          下载免费PDF全文

Ramón Franco  Leonardo Martín  Amilcar Arenal  Dayamí Santiesteban  Jorge Sotolongo  Hector Cabrera  Jaime Mejías  George Rodríguez  Angela G Moreno  Eulogio Pimentel  Nestor M Castillo 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(4):1936-1950

This study examined the effects of Bacillus licheniformis strain CIGBC‐232, isolated from the gut of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and having antagonistic activity against Vibrio harveyi, on the immunity and larval quality of L. vannamei at various ontogenetic stages, in two separate experiments: (1) PL2 to PL17 exposed to the strain CIGBC‐232 under laboratory conditions (2) zoea I to PL8 exposed to the strain CIGBC‐232 and EPICIN 3W probiotics under farming conditions. The first experiment showed that phenoloxidase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were improved in animals grown with CIGBC‐232 compared to the untreated control. In tests, the resistance to osmotic stress was also enhanced. During the second experiment, animals treated with CIGBC‐232 exhibited significant (P < 0.05) increases in phenoloxidase activity (30–40% higher in zoea I–II, mysis II–III and PL 2–7) and in the respiratory burst (30% higher from PL 2 to 7) as compared to those animals that received EPICIN 3W. There was no significant difference in the lectins and agglutinins (except in PL1, 6 and 7), in peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, in the resistance to osmotic stress, nor in the survival rate among treatments. CIGBC‐232 treatment was able to reduce, the level of presumptive Vibrio spp. with respect to EPICIN 3W treatment in the tank water as well as in animals. At the end of both experiments, the growth of shrimp, i.e. weight and length was increased by CIGBC‐232 treatment. This study showed the probiotic effect of CIGBC‐232, which appeared to have a better probiotic performance than EPICIN 3W treatment.  相似文献   

Dietary biofloc supplementation in black tiger shrimp,Penaeus monodon: effects on immunity,antioxidant and metabolic enzyme activities          下载免费PDF全文

Panantharayil Sudhayam Shyne Anand  Sujeet Kumar  Mahinder Pal Singh Kohli  Jitendra Kumar Sundaray  Archana Sinha  Gour Hari Pailan  Sibnarayan Dam Roy 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(8):4512-4523

A 60‐day indoor experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary supplementation of biofloc on metabolic enzyme activities and immune responses in Penaeus monodon juveniles. Biofloc developed in indoor fibreglass‐reinforced plastic (FRP) tanks (1000 L) was used as dietary supplement in P. monodon (2.90 ± 0.10 g) reared in 1000‐L FRP tanks. Graded level of dried biofloc was included in shrimp basal diets, 0% (control, B0), 4% (B4), 8% (B8) and 12% (B12). The level of metabolic enzymes like malate dehydrogenase (MDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was not significantly different with control up to 8% dietary supplementation. A higher level of total haemocyte count (THC) was noticed in B8 (22.16 ± 2.17 × 10⁶ cells mL^?1) and B4 (21.11 ± 0.56 × 10⁶ cells mL^?1) compared with control, C (14.61 ± 2.74 × 10⁶ cells mL^?1). Biofloc‐supplemented groups recorded significantly higher (P < 0.05) serum SOD and catalase activity (P < 0.01) in comparison with control. The groups fed with 4% dietary biofloc supplement recorded highest relative percentage survival (RPS), 45% after challenge with Vibrio harveyi followed by 36% and 27% RPS in B8 and B12 groups. Based on these results, it can be concluded that supplementation of biofloc even at 4% level in the feed improves immune responses and metabolic activities in black tiger shrimp juveniles.  相似文献